Saddexdii sano ee la soo dhaafay, sahayda iyo iibinta pixel pitch yar ee muraayadaha waaweyn ee LED waxay ilaaliyeen heerka kobaca xarunta sanadlaha ah ee ka sarreeya 80%.Kobaca heerkan ma aha oo kaliya mid ka mid ah tignoolajiyada ugu sarreeya warshadaha waaweyn ee shaashadda maanta, laakiin sidoo kale heerka kobaca sare ee warshadaha waaweyn ee shaashadda.Kobaca suuqa ee degdega ah wuxuu muujinayaa firfircoonida weyn ee tignoolajiyada yar ee pixel pitch LED.
COB: Kor u kaca alaabta "jiilka labaad".
Shaashado yar oo pixel pitch LED ah oo isticmaalaya tignoolajiyada COB encapsulation waxaa loo yaqaan "jiilka labaad" muraayad yar oo pixel pitch LED.Tan iyo sannadkii hore, badeecada noocan oo kale ah waxay muujisay isbeddelka kobaca suuqa ee xawaaraha sare leh waxayna noqotay "doorashada ugu fiican" khariidad waddo ee noocyada qaar oo diiradda saaraya taliska-dhamaadka sare iyo xarumaha dirista.
SMD, COB ilaa MicroLED, Isbeddellada Mustaqbalka ee Shaashadaha Large LED Pitch
COB waa soo gaabinta Ingiriisiga ChipsonBoard.Farsamadii ugu horreysay waxay soo bilaabatay 1960-kii.Waa "naqshad koronto" oo ujeedadeedu tahay in la fududeeyo qaab dhismeedka xirmada ee qaybaha elektaroonigga ah ee aadka u wanaagsan iyo hagaajinta xasilloonida alaabta ugu dambeysa.Si fudud marka loo hadlo, qaab dhismeedka xirmada COB waa in asalka, jajabka qaawan ama qaybta elektiroonigga ah si toos ah loogu iibiyo guddiga wareegga oo lagu daboolay resin gaar ah.
Codsiyada LED-ka, xirmada COB waxaa inta badan loo adeegsadaa nidaamyada nalalka awoodda sare leh iyo bandhiga LED-ga pixel-ka yar.Kii hore wuxuu tixgelinayaa faa'iidooyinka qaboojinta ee ay keentay tignoolajiyada COB, halka kan dambe uusan si buuxda u isticmaalin faa'iidooyinka xasilloonida ee COB ee qaboojinta badeecada, laakiin sidoo kale waxay ku guulaysataa mid gaar ah oo taxane ah "saamaynta waxqabadka".
Faa'iidooyinka COB-ku-koobidda muraayadaha-pixel-ga yar ee LED-ka waxaa ka mid ah: 1. Bixi meel wanaagsan oo qaboojinta.Sababtoo ah xirmada COB waa qayb ka mid ah crystals si toos ah xiriir dhow ula leh guddiga PCB, waxay si buuxda u isticmaali kartaa "aagga substrate" si loo gaaro kuleyliyaha kulaylka iyo kala daadinta kulaylka.Heerka daadinta kulaylku waa qodobka udub dhexaadka u ah ee go'aamiya xasiloonida, heerka cilada dhibicda iyo nolosha adeegga ee muraayadaha LED-ka ee pixel-ga yar.Qaab dhismeedka kuleylka wanaagsan ee dabiiciga ah wuxuu ka dhigan yahay xasillooni guud oo wanaagsan.
2. Xirmada COB waa qaab-dhismeed run ahaantii xidhan.Oo ay ku jiraan looxa wareegga PCB, walxaha crystal, cagaha alxanka iyo hogaanka, iwm dhamaantood si buuxda ayaa loo shaabadeeyey.Faa'iidooyinka qaab dhismeedka xiran ayaa muuqda - tusaale ahaan, qoyaanka, bararka, dhaawaca wasakhda, iyo nadiifinta dusha sare ee qalabka.
3. Xirmada COB waxaa lagu naqshadayn karaa astaamo badan oo "muujin optics".Tusaale ahaan, qaab-dhismeedkeeda xirmo, sameynta aagga amorphous, waxaa lagu dabooli karaa walxo madow oo iftiin leh.Tani waxay ka dhigaysaa badeecada xirmada COB xitaa ka sii fiican marka la barbardhigo.Tusaale kale, xirmada COB waxay sameyn kartaa isbeddel cusub oo ku saabsan naqshadda indhaha ee ka sarreysa crystal si loo xaqiijiyo dhalashada qaybaha pixel-ka oo loo wanaajiyo khasaarooyinka cabbirka walxaha fiiqan iyo iftiinka dhalaalaya ee muraayadaha pixel-ka yar ee caadiga ah.
4. Alxanta korantada COB ma isticmaasho korka dusha sare ee SMT habka alxanka dib u qulqulka.Taa baddalkeeda, waxay isticmaali kartaa "habraaca alxanka heerkulka hooseeya" oo ay ku jiraan alxanka cadaadiska kulaylka, alxanka ultrasonic, iyo isku xidhka silig dahab ah.Tani waxay ka dhigaysaa qayb ka mid ah koodhka LED-ka ee jilicsan oo aan hoos ugu dhicin heerkul sare oo ka sarreeya 240 digrii.Habka kulaylka sare waa barta ugu muhiimsan ee meelaha dhiman ee LED-yada yar yar iyo nalalka dhintay, gaar ahaan dufcaddii dhintay nalalka.Marka habka dhinta lifaaqa uu muujiyo nalal dhintay oo u baahan in la dayactiro, "alxanka heerkulka sare ee labaad" ayaa sidoo kale dhici doona.Habka COB ayaa gebi ahaanba meesha ka saaraya tan.Tani sidoo kale waa furaha habka COB ee heerka dhibcaha xun oo ah kaliya toban meelood meel alaabta dusha sare leh.
Dabcan, habka COB wuxuu kaloo leeyahay "daciifnimadiisa."Marka hore waa arrinta kharashka.Habka COB wuxuu ku kacayaa in ka badan habka kor u qaadista.Tani waa sababta oo ah habka COB dhab ahaantii waa marxalad soo koobid, iyo buurta dusha sare waa isdhexgalka terminal.Ka hor inta aan la hirgelin habka dusha sare ee dusha sare, qaybaha crystal LED ayaa mar hore soo maray habka encapsulation.Farqigani waxa uu sababay in COB ay yeelato heerar maalgashi oo sarreeya, xadka kharashka, iyo marinnada farsamada ee dhinaca ganacsiga shaashadda LED.Si kastaba ha noqotee, haddii "xirmada laambadda iyo isdhexgalka terminal" ee habka kor u qaadista dusha sare la barbar dhigo habka COB, isbeddelka kharashka waa mid la aqbali karo oo ku filan, waxaana jira u janjeera kharashka hoos u dhaca xasilloonida habka iyo horumarinta cabbirka codsiga.
Marka labaad, joogteynta muuqaalka ah ee alaabada korantada COB waxay u baahan tahay hagaajin farsamo oo soo daahay.Oo ay ku jiraan joogteynta cawl ee koollada koofiyadaha lafteeda iyo joogteynta heerka dhalaalka ee kristanta iftiinka soo baxaya, waxay tijaabisaa xakamaynta tayada dhammaan silsiladda warshadaha iyo heerka hagaajinta xigta.Si kastaba ha ahaatee, khasaarahani waa arrin aad u badan oo ah "khibrad jilicsan."Iyada oo loo marayo taxane ah horumarinta tignoolajiyada, shirkadaha intooda badan ee warshadaha waxay ku guulaysteen tignoolajiyada muhiimka ah ee ilaalinta joogteynta muuqaalka ee wax soo saarka ballaaran.
Seddexaad, COB-ku-xidhka alaabooyinka leh kala dheeraynta pixel-ka weyn waxay si weyn u kordhisaa "kakanaanta wax-soo-saarka" ee alaabta.Si kale haddii loo dhigo, tignoolajiyada COB ma fiicna, ma khusayso alaabooyinka leh kala dheeraynta P1.8.Sababtoo ah fogaan weyn, COB waxay keeni doontaa koror kharash oo badan.- Tani waa sida habka kor-u-qaadista ee aan si buuxda u beddeli karin bandhigga LED-ka, sababtoo ah p5 ama wax ka badan, kakanaanta geeddi-socodka dusha sare waxay keenaysaa kharashyo badan.Habka mustaqbalka ee COB ayaa sidoo kale inta badan loo isticmaali doonaa P1.2 iyo ka hooseeya alaabta garoonka.
Waa si sax ah sababtoo ah faa'iidooyinka kor ku xusan iyo khasaaraha kor ku xusan ee COB encapsulation yar pixel garoonka LED bandhigay in: 1.COB ma aha doorashada wadada ugu horeysay ee pixel garoonka yar bandhigay LED.Sababtoo ah LED-ga yar-yar ee pixel-ka ayaa si tartiib tartiib ah uga soo baxaya wax soo saarka ballaaran, waxay si lama filaan ah u dhaxli doontaa tignoolajiyada qaan-gaarka ah iyo awoodda wax-soo-saarka ee habka kor-u-qaadista.Tani waxay sidoo kale samaysay qaabka in maanta dusha sare-ku-dhejinta pixel-ga sare ee LED-yada ay haystaan inta badan suuqa ee muraayadaha LED-ga ee pixel-ga yar.
2. COB waa "isbeddel lama huraan ah" oo loogu talagalay bandhigga pixel-ga yar ee LED-ga si loogu sii gudbo garoonnada yaryar iyo codsiyada gudaha-dhamaadka sare.Sababtoo ah, cufnaanta pixel sare, heerka iftiinka dhintay ee geeddi-socodka buurta korka ayaa noqda "dhibaatada cilladda alaabta dhammaatay."Tiknoolajiyada COB waxay si weyn u wanaajin kartaa ifafaalaha nalka dhintay ee bandhiga LED-ka ee pixel-ga yar.Isla mar ahaantaana, taliska sare ee taliska sare iyo suuqa dhexe ee dirista, xudunta udubdhexaadka ah ee saameyntu maaha "iftiin" laakiin "raaxo iyo kalsooni" oo xukuma.Tani waa sida saxda ah faa'iidada tignoolajiyada COB.
Sidaa darteed, tan iyo 2016, horumarinta dardargelinta ee COB encapsulation yar pixel garoonka LED bandhigay waxaa loo tixgelin karaa sida isku-dar ah "garoon yar" iyo "suuqa-dhamaadka sare".Waxqabadka suuqa ee sharcigan ayaa ah in shirkadaha shaashadda LED-ka ee aan ku lug lahayn suuqa xarumaha taliska iyo diritaanka ay dan yar ka leeyihiin tignoolajiyada COB;Shirkadaha shaashadda LED-ka ee inta badan diiradda saaraya suuqa taliska iyo xarumaha diritaanka ayaa si gaar ah u xiiseynaya horumarinta tignoolajiyada COB.
Tiknoolajiyadu waa mid aan dhammaad lahayn, muraayadda weyn ee MicroLED ayaa sidoo kale ku jirta waddada
Isbeddelka farsamada ee alaabada soo bandhigista LED waxay la kulmeen saddex weji: in-line, dusha sare, COB, iyo laba kacdoon.Laga soo bilaabo in-line, dusha-buurta, ilaa COB macnaheedu waa garoon yar iyo xallin sare.Habkan kobcinta ayaa ah horumarka muujinta LED-ka, sidoo kale waxay soo saartay suuqyo codsi oo aad u sarreeya.Haddaba horumarkan tignoolajiyadeed ee noocan ah ma sii socon doonaa mustaqbalka?Jawaabtu waa haa.
Shaashadda LED-ka laga bilaabo khadka ilaa dusha sare ee isbeddellada, habka inta badan isku-dhafan iyo qeexitaannada xirmada laambada ayaa isbeddela.Faa'iidooyinka isbeddelkan ayaa inta badan ah awoodaha is-dhexgalka dusha sare oo sarreeya.Shaashadda LED-ka ee marxaladda yar-yar ee pixel-ga, laga bilaabo geeddi-socodka dusha sare ee isbeddelka habka COB, marka lagu daro habka is-dhexgalka iyo isbeddelka baakadaha, isku-dhafka COB iyo habka isku-dhafka ah ee isku-dhafka ah waa habka dhammaan silsiladda warshadaha dib-u-qaybinta.Isla mar ahaantaana, habka COB ma keeno oo kaliya awoodda xakamaynta garoonka yar, laakiin sidoo kale waxay keentaa raaxo muuqaal ah iyo khibrad la isku halleyn karo.
Waqtigan xaadirka ah, tikniyoolajiyadda MicroLED waxay noqotay diiradda kale ee cilmi-baarista shaashadda weyn ee LED-ka.Marka la barbar dhigo jiilkeedii hore ee COB habka loo yaqaan 'pixel pitch LEDs', fikradda MicroLED ma aha isbeddel ku yimaadda isdhexgalka ama tignoolajiyada, laakiin waxay xoojinaysaa "miniaturization" ee muraayadaha laambada.
In cufnaanta ultra-sare pixel garoonka yar pixel garoonka alaabta screen LED, waxaa jira laba shuruudo farsamo gaar ah: Marka hore, cufnaanta pixel sare, lafteeda u baahan tahay size nalka yar.Tiknoolajiyada COB waxay si toos ah u soo koobaysaa qaybaha crystals.Marka la barbar dhigo tignoolajiyada korka korka, alaabada kuul laambada ee mar hore la duubay waa la iibiyaa.Dabcan, waxay leeyihiin faa'iidada cabbirrada joomatari.Tani waa mid ka mid ah sababaha ay COB ugu habboon tahay alaabooyinka shaashadda LED-ka yar.Marka labaad, cufnaanta pixel sare waxay sidoo kale ka dhigan tahay in heerka dhalaalka loo baahan yahay ee pixel kasta la dhimay.Shaashado yar yar oo aadka u yaryar, oo inta badan loo isticmaalo gudaha iyo fogaanta daawashada, waxay leeyihiin shuruudo u gaar ah iftiinka, kuwaas oo hoos uga dhacay kumanaan lumen ee muraayadaha dibadda ilaa in ka yar kun, ama xitaa boqollaal lumen.Intaa waxaa dheer, kororka tirada pixels halkii unug, raadinta iftiinka iftiinka ee hal crystal ayaa dhici doona.
Isticmaalka qaab-dhismeedka micro-crystal ee MicroLED, taas oo ah in la kulmo joomatari yar (codsiyada caadiga ah, cabbirka MicroLED wuxuu noqon karaa mid ilaa toban kun oo ka mid ah nalka iftiinka LED-ka ee hadda jira), sidoo kale La kulan sifooyinka hoose Qaybaha crystal dhalaalka leh shuruudaha cufnaanta pixel sare.Isla mar ahaantaana, qiimaha bandhiga LED wuxuu inta badan ka kooban yahay laba qaybood: habka iyo substrate-ka.Muujinta yar ee microcrystalline LED macnaheedu waa isticmaalka walxaha substrate ka yar.Ama, marka qaab dhismeedka pixel ee muraayad yar oo pixel garoonka hogaaminaysa ay isku mar ku qanacsan tahay muraayadaha LED-ka ee cabbirka weyn iyo kuwa yaryar, qaadashada tan dambe waxay ka dhigan tahay qiimo jaban.
Marka la soo koobo, faa'iidooyinka tooska ah ee MicroLEDs ee pixel pitch yar ee muraayadaha waaweyn ee LED waxaa ka mid ah qiimaha alaabta hoose, iftiin hoose oo wanaagsan, waxqabadka sare ee cawl, iyo joomatari yar.
Isla mar ahaantaana, MicroLEDs waxay leeyihiin faa'iidooyin dheeraad ah oo loogu talagalay muraayadaha yar yar ee pixel garoonka: 1. Miraha crystals ee yaryar waxay ka dhigan tahay in aagga muraayadda ee alaabta crystalline ay si aad ah hoos ugu dhacday.Shaashada yar ee pixel-ka ee noocan oo kale ah waxay isticmaali kartaa qalabka iftiinka nuugaya iyo farsamooyinka aag weyn oo dusha sare ah si kor loogu qaado saamaynta madow iyo madow ee muraayadda LED.2. Qaybaha crystal-ka yar ayaa ka tagaya qol badan oo loogu talagalay jirka shaashadda LED.Goobahan qaab-dhismeedka waxaa lagu habayn karaa qaybaha kale ee dareemayaasha, qaab-dhismeedka indhaha, qaababka kuleylka kuleylka, iyo wixii la mid ah.3. Muuqaalka yar yar ee pixel-ka LED-ga ee tikniyoolajiyada MicroLED waxay dhaxlaan habka isku-xidhka COB ee guud ahaan waxayna leeyihiin dhammaan faa'iidooyinka tignoolajiyada COB.
Dabcan, ma jirto tignoolajiyad qumman.MicroLED ma aha mid ka reeban.Marka la barbar dhigo bandhiga yar yar ee pixel-ka caadiga ah iyo bandhiga COB-ku-koobidda LED-ka, faa'iidada ugu weyn ee MicroLED waa "nidaam aad u faahfaahsan."Warshadaha ayaa tan ugu yeera "tiro aad u badan oo ah tignoolajiyada wareejinta."Taasi waa, malaayiin kiristaalo LED on maraqa ah, iyo hal hawlgal crystal ka dib kala qaybsanaan, laguma dhamaystiri karo hab farsamo fudud, laakiin waxay u baahan yihiin qalab gaar ah iyo hababka.
Dambe sidoo kale waa "midna cidhiidhi" ee warshadaha MicroLED ee hadda jira.Si kastaba ha noqotee, si ka duwan bandhigyada ultra-fine, cufnaanta aadka u-sare ee MicroLED ee lagu isticmaalo VR ama shaashadaha taleefanka gacanta, MicroLEDs ayaa marka hore loo isticmaalaa bandhigyada LED-ga ballaaran iyada oo aan la xaddidin "cufnaanta pixels".Tusaale ahaan, booska pixel ee heerka P1.2 ama P0.5 waa badeecad bartilmaameed ah oo sahlan in lagu "gaaro" tiknoolajiyada "wareejinta weyn".
Iyada oo laga jawaabayo dhibaatada tirada badan ee tignoolajiyada wareejinta, kooxda ganacsiga Taiwan waxay abuurtay xal tanaasul ah, kuwaas oo ah 2.5 jiilal yar oo pixel pitch LED screens: MiniLED.Qaybaha crystal MiniLED ka weyn MicroLED-dhaqameedka, laakiin weli kaliya toban meelood meel ka mid ah pixel garoonka yar yar caadiga ah ee muraayadaha LED, ama dhowr tobanaan.Alaabtan MINILED ee tignoolajiyada la dhimay, Innotec waxa ay aaminsan tahay in ay awood u yeelan doonto in ay gaadho "biseylka geedi socodka" iyo wax soo saarka ballaaran 1-2 sano.
Isku soo wada duuboo, tignoolajiyada MicroLED waxaa loo isticmaalaa gudaha pixel-ga yar ee LED-ka iyo suuqa weyn ee shaashadda, kaas oo abuuri kara "wax qabad qumman" ee waxqabadka bandhigga, isbarbardhigga, cabbirka midabka, iyo heerarka tamarta-badbaadinta ee ka sarreeya alaabooyinka jira.Si kastaba ha noqotee, laga bilaabo korka-koritaanka ilaa COB ilaa MicroLED, warshadaha pixel-ga yar ee LED-ka ayaa la cusboonaysiin doonaa jiil ilaa jiil, waxayna sidoo kale u baahan doontaa hal-abuurnimo joogto ah oo ku saabsan tignoolajiyada geeddi-socodka.
Kaydka Farsamada Gacanta Waxay tijaabisaa "Tijaabada ugu dambeysa" ee wax-soo-saarka warshadaha LED
Alaabta muraayadda LED-ka ee khadka, dusha sare ee COB, hagaajinteeda joogtada ah ee heerka isdhexgalka, mustaqbalka MicroLED alaabada waaweyn ee shaashadda, tignoolajiyada "wareejinta weyn" ayaa xitaa aad u adag.
Haddii habka laynka uu yahay tignoolajiyada asalka ah oo lagu dhammayn karo gacanta, markaa habka kor-u-qaadista dusha sare waa nidaam ay tahay in si farsamaysan loo soo saaro, iyo tignoolajiyada COB waxay u baahan tahay in lagu dhammeeyo jawi nadiif ah, si otomaatig ah u buuxa, iyo habka tiro ahaan loo xakameeyo.Habka MicroLED mustaqbalka ma aha oo kaliya inuu leeyahay dhammaan sifooyinka COB, laakiin sidoo kale wuxuu naqshadeeyaa tiro badan oo ah "ugu yar" hawlaha wareejinta qalabka elektaroonigga ah.Dhibaatada waa la sii cusboonaysiiyay, iyada oo ku lug leh waayo-aragnimada wax-soo-saarka semiconductor ee aad u adag.
Waqtigan xaadirka ah, tirada badan ee tignoolajiyada wareejinta ee MicroLED waxay u taagan tahay dareenka iyo cilmi baarista iyo horumarinta shirkadaha caalamiga ah sida Apple, Sony, AUO iyo Samsung.Apple waxay leedahay muunad muunad ah oo ah alaabta bandhigga la gashan karo, Sony-na waxay ku guulaysatay wax soo saar ballaaran oo P1.2 ah oo ku dhejinaya muraayado waaweyn oo LED ah.Hadafka shirkadda Taiwanese waa in ay kor u qaaddo korriinka tignoolajiyada badan ee wareejinta oo ay noqoto tartame alaabta bandhigga OLED.
Horumarka jiilkan ee shaashadaha LED, isbeddelka si tartiib tartiib ah u sii kordhaya geedi socodka adag ayaa leh faa'iidooyinkeeda: tusaale ahaan, kordhinta marinka warshadaha, ka hortagga tartamayaasha qiimaha badan ee aan macnaha lahayn, kordhinta diiradda warshadaha, iyo samaynta shirkadaha asaasiga ah ee warshadaha "tartan".Faa'iidooyinka "si weyn ayey u xoojiyaan una abuuraan badeecooyin wanaagsan.Si kastaba ha ahaatee, cusboonaysiinta noocan ah ee warshadaha ayaa sidoo kale leh faa'iido darrooyinkeeda.Taasi waa, marinka jiilalka cusub ee teknoolajiyada casriga ah, marinka maalgelinta, marinka cilmi-baarista iyo awoodaha horumarinta ayaa sarreeya, wareegga samaynta baahida dadweynaha waa mid dheer, khatarta maalgashiga ayaa sidoo kale si weyn u kordheysa.Isbeddelada dambe waxay noqon doonaan kuwo waxtar u leh keli-taliska shirkadaha caalamiga ah marka loo eego horumarinta shirkadaha hal-abuurka leh ee gudaha.
Si kasta oo ay tahay badeecada LED-ka ee ugu dambaysa ee pixel-ga u ekaan karto, horumarka tignoolajiyada cusub ayaa had iyo jeer mudan in la sugo.Waxaa jira teknoolojiyad badan oo lagu dhejin karo khasnadaha tignoolajiyada ee warshadaha LED: ma aha oo kaliya COB laakiin sidoo kale tignoolajiyada flip-chip;Ma aha oo kaliya MicroLEDs waxay noqon karaan kiristaalo QLED ama qalab kale.
Marka la soo koobo, muraayadda yar ee pixel-ka LED warshadaha waaweyn ee shaashadda waa warshad sii wadda in ay ikhtiraacdo oo ay horumariso tignoolajiyada.
Waqtiga boostada: Jun-08-2021